INDIGO (Summary)

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SIMPLE SUMMARY OF INDIGO

BY LOUIS FISCHER

CLASS – 12 ENGLISH CORE

 


1.  Meeting with Gandhi (1942):

  • Louis Fischer recalls meeting Mahatma Gandhi at his ashram in Sevagram in 1942.
  • Gandhi talked about his efforts to drive the British out of India, which started in 1917.

2.  Encounter with Rajkumar Shukla:

  • In December 1916, at the Indian National Congress Party convention in Lucknow, farmer Rajkumar Shukla approached Gandhi for help.
  • Shukla wanted Gandhi to address the injustices faced by farmers under the landlord system in Bihar.
 

3.  Gandhi's Journey to Champaran:

  • Shukla persistently followed Gandhi until he agreed to visit Champaran.
  • Gandhi and Shukla traveled together from Calcutta to Champaran after months of planning.

4.  Visit to Rajendra Prasad’s House:

  • They went to Rajendra Prasad’s house, but he was not there.
  • Gandhi decided to proceed to Muzaffarpur, where he was welcomed by Professor J.B. Kripalani and his students.
  • Despite fear among locals, Professor Malkani, a government teacher, hosted Gandhi for two days.

5.  Understanding Farmers’ Problems:

  • Gandhi learned that farmers (sharecroppers) were forced to grow indigo on 15% of their land and give the harvest to British landlords.
  • After Germany developed synthetic indigo, landlords demanded compensation to release farmers from this arrangement.
  • Some farmers agreed, while others hired lawyers or demanded their money back after learning about synthetic indigo.

6.  Struggle Against the Government:

  • Gandhi faced resistance from government officials but persisted with support from lawyers and farmers.
  • He initiated an official investigation into the issue.

7.  Refund for Farmers:

  • Evidence showed landlords exploited the farmers illegally.
  • Gandhi negotiated a refund for the farmers, settling for 25% of the money instead of the 50% he initially demanded.
  • Gandhi valued the symbolic victory of landlords surrendering both money and prestige.

8.  Impact on Farmers:

  • Farmers gained confidence, self-reliance, and courage to stand up for their rights.

9.  Gandhi’s Efforts in Champaran:

  • Gandhi focused on improving farmers’ lives beyond politics.
  • He started schools, health, and sanitation campaigns in Champaran.
  • His wife, followers, and others joined him in these efforts to uplift the community.

10. Key Message:

  • The writer highlights Gandhi’s focus on serving people rather than rigid ideals, showing his loyalty to humanity.

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